11.09.2023 Media market
Selfish Trap: A New Social Influence Technique
Krzysztof Fiedorek
Three psychologists from SWPS University have described a social influence method suggesting people are more willing to complete a task if it highlights a quality important to them, such as loyalty, intelligence, or rationality.

What is the selfish trap technique? Dariusz Doliński, Tomasz Grzyb, and Wojciech Kulesza from SWPS University explain that its effectiveness depends on how the request is made. It should be framed so that individuals who consider themselves intelligent feel compelled to comply. Refusal should make them feel they lack the quality in question.
Even as children, we unknowingly fall into this trap, but adults are just as susceptible. To test this, the researchers conducted two experiments.
Not a Compliment, Nor a Coincidence
In the first experiment, the researchers tried to pressure people into filling out a survey. They used the term "intelligence" because most people see themselves as intelligent, and belief in one’s intellectual abilities is important for self-esteem. The researchers hypothesized that referencing this trait would make people more inclined to agree. The study included 532 participants, both women and men.
- In the first part, the researcher approached individuals at a bus stop, asking them to complete a survey needed for academic credit.
- In the second part, the researcher expanded the request, stating the survey was intended for intelligent people.
In the first part, 174 out of 532 participants (about 33%) agreed to participate. In the second part, 279 participants (over 52%) complied. The difference between these results was statistically significant.
- First, the design of the initial experiment allowed for multiple interpretations, such as seeing it as a compliment. The statement mentioned seeking intelligent people, and the person was implied to be one of them. The second experiment eliminated these doubts, explains Prof. Dariusz Doliński, one of the study authors, in a summary published on SWPS University`s website. - Second, when two experiments with different scenarios yield similar patterns, the researcher gains confidence that it’s not a coincidence. Third, if only the first experiment were conducted, doubts might arise as to whether the technique works only for gaining consent to participate in a survey and not for more significant decisions.
Rationality? We Like to Have It
The next phase of the study tested whether appealing to participants` sense of rationality would be equally compelling. The results were just as clear.
In the first scenario, a car dealership employee called a client, asking if they wanted to schedule a vehicle inspection at an authorized service center. If the client agreed, an appointment was made. In the second scenario, the conversation was identical, but the employee added that studies show rational customers prefer authorized service centers.
In the first scenario, 25 out of 60 participants (about 42%) agreed to the inspection. In the second scenario, 43 out of 60 participants (nearly 72%) agreed. Observing actual behavior, 22 participants (over 36%) from the first group showed up for the inspection, compared to 40 participants (over 66%) in the second group.
advertisement

Opportunities and... Risks
The SWPS researchers emphasize that the selfish trap is not inherently unethical. It can be used for positive purposes, such as discouraging harmful habits, adopting healthier routines, or supporting important causes. However, it can also be employed as a manipulation technique.
- For any influence technique, reflection is the best defense. One should avoid acting automatically and instead consider whether the suggestion aligns with their values and personal interests, explains Prof. Doliński in the study’s summary. - If the balance is negative, a response such as "Perhaps some intelligent people do this, but others do not. I belong to the latter group, thank you for the suggestion, but I’ll pass" is sufficient.
The concept of the selfish trap, a new social influence technique not previously described in literature, was presented by SWPS University psychologists Professors Dariusz Doliński, Tomasz Grzyb, and Wojciech Kulesza in the journal Social Influence.
source: SWPS University
COMMERCIAL BREAK
New articles in section Media market
Radio, Streaming, and Podcasts. Total Audio 2024 Report about Poland
Krzysztof Fiedorek
Audio content is a daily companion for Poles. According to the Total Audio 2024 study conducted by Adres:Media on behalf of the Radio Research Committee, as many as 90% of respondents listen to audio content at least once a week, and 80% do so daily. The average listening time is nearly five hours per day.
Automation of Disinformation. Global Risks Report 2025 and Media
Krzysztof Fiedorek
Disinformation and information manipulation have ranked first among global threats in both the two-year and ten-year perspectives. A particularly concerning factor is that social media algorithms often favor controversial or shocking content, further fueling disinformation.
Radio in Europe. How Are Listener Habits Changing?
KFi
Radio remains one of the most popular media in Europe, but data from the European Broadcasting Union's report "Audience Trends: Radio 2024" shows clear changes in listener habits. The average European spent 2 hours and 13 minutes per day listening to the radio in 2023. This is 18 minutes less than five years ago but only one minute less than the previous year.
See articles on a similar topic:
Yellow Press. What is Yellow Journalism?
Krzysztof Fiedorek
The terms "yellow press" and "yellow journalism" are often used pejoratively to describe journalistic practices focused on sensationalism, gossip, and emotions rather than objective facts. Let’s explore their origins, distinctive features, and impact on society.
Milgram Experiment 2023. AI Can Encourage Violence
KrzysztoF
Researchers from SWPS University replicated the famous Milgram experiment, in which participants were instructed to inflict pain on another person under the authority’s command. This time, the authority was a robot. It’s the first study showing that people are willing to harm another person when a robot commands them to do so.
We Trust AI-Generated Fake News More Than Human-Created News
KrzysztoF
Generating and spreading misinformation with AI can negatively affect various areas of life, including global healthcare. To examine how AI-created text impacts the comprehension of information, researchers from the University of Zurich analyzed tweets generated by GPT-3.
How Journalists Use Social Media
Bartłomiej Dwornik
Primarily, they seek inspiration from blogs and, less frequently, from Facebook. They rarely trust what they find, often approaching it with caution. Credibility does not necessarily correlate with attractiveness.